我们过去曾写过两篇关于这个主题的文章，每篇文章都是根据不同的要求发表的。如果你想在开始之前浏览这些文章。请通过以下链接：

• 如何检查 RHEL 和 CentOS 上的可用安全更新？
• 在 RHEL 和 CentOS 上安装安全更新的四种方法？

这些文章与其他文章相互关联，因此，在深入研究之前，最好先阅读这些文章。

在本文中，我们将向你展示如何检查已安装的安全更新。我会介绍两种方法，你可以选择最适合你的。

此外，我还添加了一个小的 shell 脚本，它为你提供已安装的安全包计数。

运行以下命令获取系统上已安装的安全更新的列表。

“`

yum updateinfo list security installed

Loaded plugins: changelog, packageupload, product-id, search-disabled-repos,
: subscription-manager, verify, versionlock
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. ModemManager-glib-1.1.0-8.git20130913.el7.x8664
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x8664
RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x8664
RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x8664
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x8664
RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x8664
RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x8664
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
“`

要计算已安装的安全包的数量，请运行以下命令：

“`

yum updateinfo list security installed | wc -l

1046
“`

仅打印安装包列表：

“`

yum updateinfo list security all | grep -w “i”

i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. ModemManager-glib-1.1.0-8.git20130913.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x8664
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.8.0-9.el7.noarch
“`

要计算已安装的安全包的数量，请运行以下命令：

“`

yum updateinfo list security all | grep -w “i” | wc -l

1043
“`

或者，你可以检查指定包修复的漏洞列表。

在此例中，我们将检查 “openssh” 包中已修复的漏洞列表：

“`

rpm -q –changelog openssh | grep -i CVE

• Fix for CVE-2017-15906 (#1517226)
• CVE-2015-8325: privilege escalation via user’s PAM environment and UseLogin=yes (#1329191)
• CVE-2016-1908: possible fallback from untrusted to trusted X11 forwarding (#1298741)
• CVE-2016-3115: missing sanitisation of input for X11 forwarding (#1317819)
• prevents CVE-2016-0777 and CVE-2016-0778
• Security fixes released with openssh-6.9 (CVE-2015-5352) (#1247864)
• only query each keyboard-interactive device once (CVE-2015-5600) (#1245971)
• add new option GSSAPIEnablek5users and disable using ~/.k5users by default CVE-2014-9278
• prevent a server from skipping SSHFP lookup – CVE-2014-2653 (#1081338)
• change default value of MaxStartups – CVE-2010-5107 (#908707)
• CVE-2010-4755
• merged cve-2007_3102 to audit patch
• fixed audit log injection problem (CVE-2007-3102)
• CVE-2006-5794 – properly detect failed key verify in monitor (#214641)
• CVE-2006-4924 – prevent DoS on deattack detector (#207957)
• CVE-2006-5051 – don’t call cleanups from signal handler (#208459)
• use fork+exec instead of system in scp – CVE-2006-0225 (#168167)
  “`

同样，你可以通过运行以下命令来检查相应的包中是否修复了指定的漏洞：

“`

rpm -q –changelog openssh | grep -i CVE-2016-3115

• CVE-2016-3115: missing sanitisation of input for X11 forwarding (#1317819)
  “`

如何使用 Shell 脚本计算安装的安全包？

我添加了一个小的 shell 脚本，它可以帮助你计算已安装的安全包列表。

“`

vi /opt/scripts/security-check.sh

!/bin/bash

echo “+-+”
echo “|Security Advisories Count|”
echo “+-+”
for i in Important Moderate Low
do
sec=$(yum updateinfo list security installed | grep $i | wc -l)
echo “$i: $sec”
done | column -t
echo “+-+”
“`

给 security-check.sh 文件执行权限。


$ chmod +x security-check.sh


最后执行脚本统计。

“`

sh /opt/scripts/security-check.sh

+-+
|Security Advisories Count|
+-+
Important: 480
Moderate: 410
Low: 111
+-+
“`

via: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-installed-security-updates-on-redhat-rhel-and-centos-system/

作者：Magesh Maruthamuthu 选题：lujun9972 译者：geekpi 校对：wxy

本文由 LCTT 原创编译，Linux中国 荣誉推出